Kanauripi#1361 PTB *d/s-pəy ‘WAIST / HIPS / LOWER BACK / BUTTOCKS / TAIL’◦s̱ẖṭiṅ n‘back’Kanauri regularly develops a cluster st- from the PTB sequence *sn-, see HPTB:103. The -i- vocalism of Kanauri ṣṭiṅ is probably explicable in terms of the widespread TB variational pattern of *-u- ⪤ -i-, cf. HPTB:493-505.Bailey 11

Kanauripi#1361 PTB *d/s-pəy ‘WAIST / HIPS / LOWER BACK / BUTTOCKS / TAIL’◦s̱ẖṭiṅ ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP

Kanauripi#1361 PTB *d/s-pəy ‘WAIST / HIPS / LOWER BACK / BUTTOCKS / TAIL’◦ṣṭiṅ ‘back’Sharma, D.D. 88 Kn

Kanauripön#3326 PTB *pa(ŋ/k) ‘BACK / BOTTOM / UNDER / BEHIND’PNN *pʰaŋ ‘UNDER’◦tsĕmorpheme◦niṅ ‘tail’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.2Bodic3

Kaikenhing◦asuffix ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP

Kaikenhing◦āsuffix◦nāthyāngāmorpheme ‘backbone / spine’Matisoff 87 BP

Kaikenhing◦āsuffix◦namorpheme◦chanmorpheme adj‘back’Hale 73 CSD: 12c.17

5Tujia3

Tujiatha⁵⁵morphemeȵie⁵⁵ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.38

Tujiatʰa⁵⁵morpheme ne⁵⁵ ‘back’Chen 86 TuBQ: 1.4

Tujia (Northern)tʰa⁵⁵morpheme ne⁵⁵ ‘back (side)’Tian 86

6.1Lolo-Burmese4

*Lolo-Burmesenok ‘back / behind / after’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 155(a)

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-nukᴸ ‘back’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 605

*Lolo-Burmeseʔnok ‘back / behind / after’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 155(b)

*Lolo-Burmeseʔnoŋ ‘back / behind / after’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 155(c)

6.1.1Burmish22

Achang (Lianghe)nuŋ⁵⁵ tɛ⁵⁵#1243 PTB *m-di ‘BUTTOCKS / HIPS / FLESHY PART / WAIST / BACK’ ‘back (side)’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)n̥oŋ⁵⁵ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.41

Achang (Longchuan)n̥oŋ⁵⁵ pa³¹suffix ‘back (side)’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)n̥oŋ⁵⁵pa³¹suffix n/adv‘back’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0713.28

Achang (Luxi)nɔŋ³¹ pjɛ³¹morpheme ‘back (side)’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Xiandao)cʰi³¹morpheme n̥oŋ⁵⁵ ‘back’Dai 89 Xian: 1026

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)nɑuʔ⁴⁴ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.40

Burmese (Written)aprefix◦hnaùŋ ‘coming after, last’Benedict 72 STC: 354

Burmese (Written)aprefix◦hnaúŋ ‘back (of knife)’Benedict 72 STC: 354

Burmese (Written)hnaùŋ vs.‘after, back’Benedict 72 STC: 354

Burmese (Written)khre#335 PTB *krəy ‘FOOT’ phəmorpheme◦hnoŋʼ ‘heel’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)noŋ- ‘backward and forward’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)nɔk ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.39

Burmese (Written)phamorpheme◦noṅ: ‘heel’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)phəmorpheme-hnoŋʼ phəmorpheme-krâñmorpheme ‘heel’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)phəmorpheme◦hnoŋʼ ‘heel’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)əprefix-hnoŋʼ ‘back of knife; head of punch’Benedict 76 WBur

Lashinuŋ⁵⁵ khuŋ³³#219 PTB *k(w)a(ŋ/k) ‘WAIST / HIPS / BUTTOCKS / TAIL / BACK’ ‘back’Dai 89 Lash: 1.4

Lashinuŋ⁵⁵ khuŋ³³#219 PTB *k(w)a(ŋ/k) ‘WAIST / HIPS / BUTTOCKS / TAIL / BACK’ jou³³#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘backbone / spine’Dai 89 Lash: 5.5.4

Atsi [Zaiwa]nuŋ⁵¹ khuŋ⁵¹#219 PTB *k(w)a(ŋ/k) ‘WAIST / HIPS / BUTTOCKS / TAIL / BACK’ ‘back (of body)’Xu 84 Zaiwa

Atsi [Zaiwa]nuŋ⁵¹kuŋ⁵¹#219 PTB *k(w)a(ŋ/k) ‘WAIST / HIPS / BUTTOCKS / TAIL / BACK’ ‘back (of body)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 258.42

6.1.2Loloish2

Lolophokæ⁴⁴morpheme ni⁵⁵ sɤ⁴⁴morpheme ‘back’Dai 89 Lolo: 1.4

Lolophokæ⁴⁴morpheme ȵi⁵⁵ sɤ⁴⁴morpheme ‘back’Dai 89 Lolo: 5.5

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish4

Yi (Dafang)nɔ³³ bɔ⁵⁵morpheme ‘back (side)’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Dafang)nɔ³³bɔ⁵⁵morpheme ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.22

Yi (Xide)ɣa³³morpheme nɔ³³ ‘back (side)’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Xide)ɣa³³morphemenɔ³³ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.21

6.1.2.2Central Loloish19

Ahino³³ ko³³morpheme tɕi²²#223 PTB *m-(t)syi(ŋ/k) ‘WAIST / LOWER BACK / LOINS’ ‘back’Luo 90: 5.5

Ahino³³ ko³³morpheme⁀ɛ³³suffix ‘back’Luo 90: 1.4

Ahinɯ̱³³ ɣɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ to²²morpheme ‘backbone / spine’Luo 90: 5.5.4

Jinuoa³³prefixno³¹ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.34

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a⁴⁴prefix no³¹ ‘back’Dai 89 JinA: 1048

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a⁴⁴prefix no³¹ ‘back (body)’Dai 89 JinA: 118

Jinuo (Baka)a⁴⁴prefix n̥u³¹ ‘back’Dai 89 JinB: 1048

Jinuo (Baka)a⁴⁴prefix n̥u³¹ ‘back (body)’Dai 89 JinB: 118

Jinuo (Youle)ɑ⁴⁴morpheme n̥o⁴² ‘back (side)’Gai 86

Lahu (Black)qhɔ²¹#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’nɔ³⁵ ‘later (in time)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 992.33

Lahu (Black)qhɔ̀ʔ#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’-nɔ́ ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)qhɔ̀ʔ#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’-nɔ́ ‘space behind / future time / after’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 155(b)

Lahu (Black)qhɔ̀ʔ#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’-nɔ́-qhwèʔmorpheme ‘backbone / spine’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)qɔ̄#3361 PTB *gwaŋ ‘NECK / THROAT’PTani *gruŋ? ‘THROAT’PTk *kʰoŋ ‘NECK’PLB *ʔgoŋ² ‘NECK / NECK-LIKE PART’-ɔ̀prefix-qhɔ̀ʔ#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’-nɔ́ ‘nape’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)qʰɔʔ²¹morpheme nɔ³⁵ ‘back (side)’Chang 86

Lahu (Yellow)qʰa⁵⁵morpheme nɔʔ²¹ ‘back (side)’Chang 86

Lisuká¹morpheme-ná¹-hku⁴morpheme ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP

Lisu (Nujiang)kɑ⁵⁵morpheme niɛ⁵⁵ (sɿ³³morpheme) ‘back (side)’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisukɑ⁵⁵morphemenɛ⁵⁵ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.27

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish8

Hani (Dazhai)nɔ⁵⁵ xɔ³³morpheme ‘back (side)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Dazhai)nɔ⁵⁵xɔ³³morpheme ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.31

Hani (Caiyuan)a³¹prefix nv̩̄³³ ‘back (side)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)ka³³morpheme nv̩̄³³ ‘back (side)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)ka³³morphemenv̱³³; a³¹prefixnv̱³³ ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.30

Hani (Gelanghe)mɛ³¹morpheme naŋ³¹ ‘back (side)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)nɔ³¹morpheme nv̩⁵⁵ ‘back (side)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)nɔ³¹nv⁵⁵morphemefɔ³³morpheme ‘back (direction)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 52.32

7Karenic9

*Karen (TP)ŋáŋ' dèŋ'#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ ‘loins’Jones 61: 24

*Karenŋáŋ' dèŋ'#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ see 144‘loins’Jones 61: 24

*Karen (TP)ŋáŋ'◦dèŋ'#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ ‘loins’Jones 61: 144

*Karenŋáŋ'◦dèŋ'#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ see 24‘loins’Jones 61: 144

Pa-Onâŋ dèŋ#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ ‘groin / loins’Matisoff 87 BP

Pa-Onâŋ◦ʔóŋ#1364 PTB *hwaŋ ‘BELOW / BUTTOCKS / LOWER BACK’ ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP

Pa-Oŋâŋ dèŋ#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ ‘loins’Jones 61: 24

Pa-Oŋâŋ◦deŋ#3340 PTB *m-tya(k/ŋ) ‘WAIST / LOINS’PKar *j-Ɂdeᴬ ‘WAIST’ ‘loins’Jones 61: 144

Pa-Oŋâŋ◦ʔóŋ#1364 PTB *hwaŋ ‘BELOW / BUTTOCKS / LOWER BACK’ ‘back (body)’Jones 61: 362

8Bai1

Bai (Jianchuan)ɣɯ³³morpheme no³³ ‘back (side)’Xu 84 Bai

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #203, *s-nu(ŋ/k) ‘BACK / BEHIND / AFTER’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/203

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: incl 204,1100. TSR 155 PLB *ʔ-nok/ŋ, STC#354, GD#?, HPTB

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-203,
  title  = {{*s-nu(ŋ/k) 'BACK / BEHIND / AFTER'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #203},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/203}
}

*s-nu(ŋ/k)

Reconstruction analysis

Intermediate reconstructions

Connections

Reflexes & cognates110 reflexes · 25 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4

1NE Indian Areal Group1

1.1“North Assam”1

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani1

1.2Kuki-Chin1

1.2.1.1Northern Chin7

1.2.2Central Chin8

1.2.3Maraic4

1.2.4“Old Kuki”2

1.3.4Tangkhulic1

1.5Mikir [Karbi]6

2.1.1Western Himalayish4