STEDT #5639

*du

TAIL / BUTTOCKS / BACK

Notes

We recognize three quite similar etyma in this semantic area: the present root #5639 PTB *du TAIL / BUTTOCKS / BACK, #225 PTB *m-daŋ BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS, and #3322 PTB *tu(k/ŋ) BACK (of body). In the case of phonologically eroded languages (e.g. Loloish, Qiangic, Baic), it is sometimes difficult to decide among them. Several Loloish languages have distinct reflexes for at least two of them, e.g. Lahu tɔ̀ ‘lower back / loins / lumbar region’ < #225 PTB *m-daŋ BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS vs. ɔ̀-mɛ̄-tu ‘tail’ < #5639 PTB *du TAIL / BUTTOCKS / BACK; Written Burmese taŋ-pâ ‘buttock’ < #225 PTB *m-daŋ BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS vs. khâ-tuiŋ ‘lower back / loins / lumbar region’ < #3322 PTB *tu(k/ŋ) BACK (of body). Two Southern Loloish binomes are particularly problematic (Akha dɔ̀-dàŋ ‘buttocks’ and Sangkong toŋ³¹ taŋ⁵⁵ ‘buttocks’), where the first syllables are from #225 PTB *m-daŋ BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS, while the second syllables are of uncertain origin despite their superficial resemblance to #225 PTB *m-daŋ BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS.

Reflexes & cognates52 reflexes · 12 subgroups

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish3

Nasudu⁵⁵ pʰa̱²¹morpheme ‘back’Chen 86 Yi: 1.4

Nesua⁵⁵prefix do²¹ ta³³morpheme ‘back’Chen 86 Yi: 1.4

Yi (Mile)khᴀ³³morphemeko³³#211 PTB *k(r)aw ⪤ *k(y)aw ‘BACK’TGTM *ᴬgo ‘BACK’dɯ²¹ ‘back (of body)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 258.25

6.1.2.2Central Loloish17

Jinuo (Baka)tu⁴⁴ m̥i⁴⁴#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Dai 89 JinB: 334

Jinuotɔ⁴⁴smi³³#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.34

*Common Lahutu: ‘tail’Bradley 79 PLo: 84-1

Lahu (Lancang)mɛ¹¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’tu³³ n‘tail’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0267.43

Lahu (Black)aw˯prefix meh#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tuː ‘tail’Luce 85: T.15

Lahu (Black)me³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’tu³³ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.33

Lahu (Black)mɛ̄#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’-tu ‘tail’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 072

Lahu (Black)mɛ³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tv̩³³ ‘tail’Chang 86

Lahu (Black)ɔ̀#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’-mɛ̄#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’-tu ‘tail’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Yellow)mɛʔ²¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tu³³ ‘tail’Chang 86

Sani [Nyi]mæ⁵⁵morphemepu³³morpheme;ɬi²¹#413 PTB *s-li ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / ANUS’du²¹mæ⁵⁵#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘hips’Chen 86 Yi: 5.8.1

Sani [Nyi]tsʰɥ¹¹#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’ dv̩¹¹ ‘buttocks’Ma 89 SanQ: 351.3

Sani [Nyi]tʂhi²¹#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’du²¹ ‘buttocks’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]ɬi²¹#413 PTB *s-li ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / ANUS’du²¹mɛ⁵⁵#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘buttocks’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]ɬl̩²¹#413 PTB *s-li ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / ANUS’ du²¹ mæ⁵⁵#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘buttocks’Wu 84: 106.2

Sani [Nyi]ɬɿ¹¹#413 PTB *s-li ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / ANUS’ dv̩¹¹ ‘buttocks’Ma 89 SanQ: 319.2

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish11

Hani (Pijo)tù ‘tail’Hansson 89 AHKP: 248

Hani (Pijo)tù mì#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Hansson 89 AHKP: 248

Hani (Caiyuan)tɔ³¹ mi³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)tɔ³¹me³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.30

Hani (Gelanghe)dɔ³¹ mi³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)tu³¹ mɛ³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)tu³¹ xu⁵⁵morpheme ‘back (of body)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)tu³¹mɛ³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.32

Hani (Shuikui)tu³¹xu⁵⁵morpheme ‘back (of body)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 258.32

Hani (Khatu)tù ‘tail’Hansson 89 AHKP: 248

Hani (Khatu)tù mì#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ ‘tail’Hansson 89 AHKP: 248

6.2Naxi5

Na (Yongning)gv˧#1 PTB *guŋ ‘BODY / BACK’dv˧ ‘back’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)gv˧#1 PTB *guŋ ‘BODY / BACK’dv˧-gv˧#1 PTB *guŋ ‘BODY / BACK’mi˧#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Naxi (Eastern)gv³³#1 PTB *guŋ ‘BODY / BACK’dv³³ ‘back (of body)’He 85

Naxi (Yongning)gv³³#1 PTB *guŋ ‘BODY / BACK’dv³³ ‘back (of body)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 258.29

7Karenic1

Bwekámorpheme thu n‘tail stump of chicken or duck’Henderson 97 Kar

8Bai8

Bai (Dali)mi#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tu 26 ‘tail’Dell 81: 193

Bai (Dali)mi²#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tu⁶ ‘tail’Dell 81: pp.150-169

Bai (Dali)mi³¹#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tu³⁵ ‘tail’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Dali)mi⁴²#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’tu³⁵ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.35

Bai (Jianchuan)ŋa³³#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’tu⁵⁵ n‘tail’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0267.48

Bai (Jianchuan)ŋv̩³³#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ tṽ̩⁵⁵ ‘tail’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Jianchuan)ŋv³³#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’tṽ⁵⁵ ‘tail’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 177.36

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #5639, *du ‘TAIL / BUTTOCKS / BACK’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5639

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: JAM

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-5639,
  title  = {{*du 'TAIL / BUTTOCKS / BACK'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #5639},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5639}
}

*du

Notes

Reflexes & cognates52 reflexes · 12 subgroups

1NE Indian Areal Group1

2.1.1Western Himalayish3

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

2.2Newar1

5Tujia1