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STEDT #459

*r-kliŋ ⪤ *r-klyaŋ

MARROW / BRAIN

Reconstruction analysis

handlekliŋprefixrinitialklrhymeiŋ ⪤ r-kcoverK · VNLT

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*khlik ⪤ *khliŋ ‘MARROW / SAP’PKC #1294
Tangkhulic*tliŋ ‘MARROW’DRM#584
Lolo-Burmese*ʔkraŋ¹ ⪤ *ʔkyaŋ¹ ‘MARROW’

Connections

HPTB*r-kliŋ ⪤ *r-kl(y)aŋ ‘marrow / brain’pp. 128, 282, 283, 495, 507

Notes

If WT rkaŋ is indeed descended from this root, we must assume a radical simplification of the complex *rkly- sequence to rk-.

Chinese comparandum

OC *k’ĕng ~ *g’ĕng, GSR #831q-r ‘shank bone (of ox)’; Schuessler 2007:335 *khrêŋ; B & S 2011: *m-kʰˁ‹r›eŋ; Mand. kēng.
OC *g’ieng, GSR #831k ‘leg, shank’; Schuessler 2007:541 *gêŋh; B & S 2011: *m-kʰˁeŋ-s; Mand. jìng ~ xìng.
OC *g’ĕng, GSR #831u ‘stalk; hilt of sword’; Schuessler 2007:335 *grêŋ; B & S 2011: *m-k-lˁ‹r›eŋ; Mand. jīng ~ héng.

Reflexes & cognates84 reflexes · 27 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)6

*Tibeto-Burmanr-kliŋr-kl(y)aŋ ‘marrow / brain’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 596
*Tibeto-Burmanr-kliŋr-klyaŋ ‘marrow’Matisoff 83 TIL: 56

1.1.2Deng1

Kaman [Miju]xiŋ⁵³ ‘marrow’Sun H 80 MLD

1.2Kuki-Chin1

*Chinkhlik ⪤ khliŋ ‘MARROW / SAP’VanBik 09 PKC: 1294

1.2.1.1Northern Chin2

Thadohlìn ‘brain’Weidert 87 TBTo: 218
Thadohlîn ‘marrow’VanBik 09 PKC: 1294

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin3

Ashoaprefix kʻling ‘marrow, sap’VanBik 09 PKC: 1294
Cho (Mindat)chng n‘marrow (in the bone)’VanBik 09 PKC: 1294
Khumihíw’amorphemeloeeyng ‘marrow’VanBik 09 PKC: 1294

1.2.2Central Chin5

Lushai [Mizo]thlîng ‘marrow’Matisoff 87 BP

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)4

*Aotprefix-liŋ-lamorpheme ‘MARROW’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.352
Ao (Chungli)tə³prefix-nəŋ³la¹morpheme n.‘marrow’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.352
Ao (Mongsen: Khensa)tə́prefix-níŋlàmorpheme n.‘marrow’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.352
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-liŋlamorpheme n.‘marrow’Coupe 07 Ao

1.3.3Zeme Group1

Zeme¹pemorpheme⁴kiŋ ‘brain’Weidert 87 TBTo: 218

1.3.4Tangkhulic5

Kachaiʔamorpheme-ŋəmorpheme-tɐŋ ‘marrow’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.252
Tangkhulāŋamorphemetiŋ ‘marrow, pulp, spinal cord’Matisoff 87 BP
Tangkhulāŋamorphemetiŋ ‘marrow’Matisoff 87 BP
Tusomʔɯmorpheme-morpheme-tsɯə̃ ‘marrow’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.146

1.5Mikir [Karbi]5

Mikir [Karbi]arprefixkleng ‘marrow’Matisoff 87 BP
Mikir [Karbi]arprefixklèng ‘marrow (= 9.1.2)’Grüssner 79 BP: 4
Mikir [Karbi]arprefixklèng ‘marrow (= 8.4.3)’Grüssner 79 BP: 4
Mikir [Karbi]arprefixkléŋ ‘brain’Weidert 87 TBTo: 218
Mikir [Karbi]arprefixkleŋ ‘marrow’Benedict 72 STC: 126

1.7.1.1Bodo3

Dimasabu#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’thlung ‘brain’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasabu#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’thluŋbi#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’thlim ‘brain’Benedict 72 STC: 126
Lalung [Tiwa]thulungʔ ‘brain’Balawan 65: 75

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1

Tangsa (Moshang)rɔ́morpheme-thɪ́n ‘brain’Weidert 87 TBTo: 218

2.1.2.1Tibetan9

Sherpakāngq ‘marrow’Matisoff 87 BP
Spitikàŋ ‘marrow’Bodh 91: 8.4.3
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ-marmorpheme ‘marrow’WT mar ‘butter’, loan from Indo-Aryan marśa- ‘rubbing’ (cf. Turner #9896, p. 569). This word spread from Tibetan into other TB languages’ words for oil, etc.Matisoff 83 TIL: 56

2.1.3Lepcha4

Lepcha(ăprefix-)yaŋ / (ăprefix-)yóŋ ‘brain, marrow’Benedict 72 STC: 39n128
Lepchaaprefix-t'yakmorpheme yón̊ ‘brain’Matisoff 87 BP
Lepchaaprefix-yǎn̊ ‘brain’Matisoff 87 BP
Lepchaaprefix-yăn̊~aprefix-yóŋ ‘marrow’Matisoff 87 BP

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti1

Limbuluŋsi#5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ ‘marrow’Michailovsky 89 Lm

3.3rGyalrongic1

Ergong (Daofu)rkɔ mɑɹloanword ‘marrow’Ergong mɑɹ < WT mar ‘butter’.Dai 89 Daof: 9.1.2

3.3.1rGyalrong1

rGyalrong (NW)prefixr̥ka ‘marrow’Sun H 91 rNW: 8.4.3

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmeseʔkraŋ¹ ⪤ ʔkyaŋ¹ ‘marrow’Matisoff 83 TIL: 56

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #459, *r-kliŋ ⪤ *r-klyaŋ ‘MARROW / BRAIN’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/459
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#126
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-459,
  title  = {{*r-kliŋ ⪤ *r-klyaŋ 'MARROW / BRAIN'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #459},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/459}
}