The Body › Body Parts › Die/Deathly › Carcass/Dead Body

STEDT #18

*ʔu

BODY / CORPSE

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handleʔuinitialʔrhymeucoverH · V

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*ɯ ‘BODY’JS-HCST: 146

Notes

The stronghold of this root is Tani, but it also appears as a productive body part prefix in Angami, and has developed the meaning CORPSE / DEAD BODY in Tangut.

Reflexes & cognates67 reflexes · 4 subgroups

1.1.1Tani1

*Taniɯ ‘body’Sun J 93 HCST: 36

1.1.1.1Western Tani26

Apataniaprefix-uʔ ‘body’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniaprefix-uʔ aprefix-jamorpheme-nɯmorpheme ‘healthy’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniaprefix-wu ‘body’Sun J 93 HCST

Apataniaprefix-wu ‘body’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniau har#3519 PTB *hus ⪤ *h(u/i)r ‘WASH / MOISTURE / WET’PTani *hɯr ‘WASH’-su#6668 PTani *-su ‘REFLEXIVE MARKER’ ‘take bath’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniauʔ aprefix-ramorpheme ‘naked’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniauʔ gimorpheme-gja#215 PTB *gyu-k ⪤ *dzyu-k ‘WAIST’PLB *gyukᴸ ⪤ *džukᴸ ‘WAIST’ ‘waist’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniauʔ jamorpheme-rimorpheme ‘waistband’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniauʔ-har#3519 PTB *hus ⪤ *h(u/i)r ‘WASH / MOISTURE / WET’PTani *hɯr ‘WASH’-su#6668 PTani *-su ‘REFLEXIVE MARKER’ ‘bathe’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniauʔ-jamorpheme-rimorpheme ‘band (waist)’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniaprefix◦u ‘body’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniaprefix◦u aprefix-po#1902 PTB *-pu ⪤ *-pwa ‘SUFFIX (nominalizer; bulk-provider)’ ‘body’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatani²aprefix²u ‘body’Weidert 87 TBTo: 494

Bokaraprefix ɯː n‘body’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0073.24

Bokaraprefix-ɯ ‘body’Sun J 93 HCST

Bokarəprefix-ɯ ‘body’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokarəprefix-ɯ nɯːmorpheme-kak#6680 PTani *krak ‘RESULTATIVE PARTICLE (=off, away)’ ‘bathe’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokar Lhobaaprefix ɯː (ɯi) ‘body’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 231.51

Bokar Lhobaɑ'prefix◦ɯː ‘body’Sun H 80 MLD

Bokar Lhobaəprefix◦ɯ ɕarmorpheme kak#6680 PTani *krak ‘RESULTATIVE PARTICLE (=off, away)’ ‘bathe’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 650.51

Galoaprefix◦ɨɨ n.‘body’GLDC 09 Galo

Galoɨɨ◦poomorpheme n.‘torso’GLDC 09 Galo

Galoɨɨ◦poomorpheme n.‘trunk (of the body)’GLDC 09 Galo

Galoɨɨ◦poomorpheme n.‘waist’GLDC 09 Galo

Galoˆaprefix-ɯ ‘body’Weidert 87 TBTo: 494

Miri, Hilly ‘body’Simon 76 Miri

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group39

Angami Nagaú-m̀o#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Matisoff PC

Angami Nagaú-prì#91 PTB *r-pay ‘SPLEEN’PLB *ʔ-p(r)ay¹ ‘SPLEEN’ ‘spleen’It is possible that this Angami form is a borrowing from #5636 IA *p(l/r)iːhan SPLEEN; however, the ú- prefix is evidently of TB origin, occurring in many body-part words.Matisoff 85 GSTC: 094

Angami Nagaú-prì#91 PTB *r-pay ‘SPLEEN’PLB *ʔ-p(r)ay¹ ‘SPLEEN’ ‘spleen’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1)

Angami Nagaú◦phié#5737 PTB *pwar ‘LUNG’PTk *pʰaar ‘LUNG’ ‘lung’Matisoff 78 VSTB: 3

Angami Naga⁵u²bumorpheme-⁴thumorpheme ‘elbow’Weidert 87 TBTo: 407

Angami Naga⁵u²dziemorpheme-⁴kimorpheme²nuomorpheme ‘finger’Weidert 87 TBTo: 415

Angami Naga⁵u²hu#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ ‘tooth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 254

Angami Naga⁵u²ke⁵li#459 PTB *r-kliŋ ⪤ *r-klyaŋ ‘MARROW / BRAIN’PKC *khlik ⪤ *khliŋ ‘MARROW / SAP’PTk *tliŋ ‘MARROW’PLB *ʔkraŋ¹ ⪤ *ʔkyaŋ¹ ‘MARROW’ ‘brain’Weidert 87 TBTo: 218

Angami Naga⁵u²memorpheme³lumorpheme ‘intestines’Weidert 87 TBTo: 749

Angami Naga⁵u²memorpheme¹nie#504 PTB *r/m-nil ‘GUMS’PKC *ha-nii ⪤ *-hnii ‘GUMS’ ‘gums’Weidert 87 TBTo: 933

Angami Naga⁵u²mie#1353 NEIA *mo ‘VAGINA’ ‘vagina’Angami ⁵u is a general body-part prefix.The vowel of Angami ²mie seems an unlikely reflex of *-o (< #1353 NEIA *mo VAGINA); yet the alternative of assigning this form to #547 PTB *maːk SON-IN-LAW / GENITALS / PENIS / MALE / VAGINA seems no better, since the regular Angami reflex of *-ak seems to be -o (e.g. WEAVE *dak > Ang. do; ANT *-rwak > Ang. cho).Weidert 87 TBTo: 474

Angami Naga⁵u²phi#343 PTB *pey ‘LEG / THIGH / FOOT’PKC *phay ‘THIGH / LEG’PCN *phej ‘THIGH’PTk *pʰej ‘FOOT / LEG’ ‘leg / foot’Weidert 87 TBTo: 438

Angami Naga⁵u²ru#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘bone’Weidert 87 TBTo: 173

Angami Naga⁵u²vomorpheme²pho#163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’MesorootsPCN *pəm ‘SWELL, BE SWOLLEN’PLB *C-pwap ‘SWELL UP / BE SWOLLEN / STOUT / CALF OF LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’ ‘goitre’Weidert 87 TBTo: 504

Angami Naga⁵u³luo#517 PTB *m/s-la(ː)y ‘NAVEL / CENTER / SELF’MesorootsPKC *laay ‘CENTER / MIDDLE / NAVEL’PCN *ph-laj ‘NAVEL, BELLY BUTTON’PTk *laj ‘NAVEL’Allofams40 #518 PTB *m/s-la(ː)y ⪤ *s-tay ‘NAVEL’40a #517 PTB *m/s-la(ː)y ‘NAVEL / CENTER / SELF’40b #519 PTB *s-tay ‘NAVEL / ABDOMEN / CENTER / SELF’ ‘navel / center’Weidert 87 TBTo: 214

Angami Naga⁵u¹nha#805 PTB *s-nap ‘SNOT / NASAL MUCUS’PTani *nap ~ *nop ‘SNOT’PKC *hnap ‘SNOT / MUCUS (nasal)’PTk *nap ‘SNOT’PLB *ʔ-napᴸ ‘SNOT’PL *s-napᴸ ‘MUCUS’ ‘mucus’Weidert 87 TBTo: 640

Angami Naga⁵u¹ñu#253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’MesorootsPKC *hnooy ‘BREAST’PTk *nu ‘BREAST’PKar *nu' ‘BREAST’PKar *nuᴮ ‘BREASTS’Allofams2 #3585 PTB *s-nəw(-) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2a #253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2b #3586 PTB *s-nəw(t/n) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2c #259 PTB *s-nəw(k/ŋ) ‘BREAST / MILK’ ‘breast / milk’Weidert 87 TBTo: 131

Angami Naga⁵u⁴se#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’ ‘liver’Weidert 87 TBTo: 440

Angami Naga⁵u⁴tsɯ#383 PTB *d-kyil ‘CROWN OF HEAD’ ‘head’Weidert 87 TBTo: 429

Angami Naga⁵u⁴tsɯ#1232 PTB *n-dzi-k ‘HAIR (HEAD)’PL *tsi¹ ‘HAIR (HEAD)’⁵tha#366 PTB *(t)sam ‘HAIR (head)’PKC *sʰam ‘HAIR (head)’PCN *a-tshaːm ‘HAIR (FACE / HEAD)’PCN *a-həm ‘HAIR / LEAF / FEATHER’PTk *sam ‘HAIR (HEAD)’ ‘hair (head)(1)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 222

Angami Naga⁵u⁵phiemorpheme ‘lungs’Weidert 87 TBTo: 990a

Angami Naga⁵u⁵zie#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ ‘blood’Weidert 87 TBTo: 260

Angami Naga⁵u◦¹ñu#253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’MesorootsPKC *hnooy ‘BREAST’PTk *nu ‘BREAST’PKar *nu' ‘BREAST’PKar *nuᴮ ‘BREASTS’Allofams2 #3585 PTB *s-nəw(-) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2a #253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2b #3586 PTB *s-nəw(t/n) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2c #259 PTB *s-nəw(k/ŋ) ‘BREAST / MILK’ ‘milk / breast’Weidert 87 TBTo: 327

Angami (Khonoma)u◦me#467 PTB *s-muːr ‘MOUTH / LIP / HOLD IN MOUTH / CHEW / FACE / GILLS’PKC *hmuur ‘LIP / BEAK / MOUTH / TIP’PCN *mən ‘MOUTH’PTk *mor ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)(u) hu³¹#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ ‘tooth’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.10

Angami (Kohima)(u) mo³¹#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Nienu 90 AngQ: 1.1

Angami (Kohima)(u) nha³¹#805 PTB *s-nap ‘SNOT / NASAL MUCUS’PTani *nap ~ *nop ‘SNOT’PKC *hnap ‘SNOT / MUCUS (nasal)’PTk *nap ‘SNOT’PLB *ʔ-napᴸ ‘SNOT’PL *s-napᴸ ‘MUCUS’ kha⁵⁵morpheme ‘solid mucus’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.5.7

Angami (Kohima)(u) nha¹¹#805 PTB *s-nap ‘SNOT / NASAL MUCUS’PTani *nap ~ *nop ‘SNOT’PKC *hnap ‘SNOT / MUCUS (nasal)’PTk *nap ‘SNOT’PLB *ʔ-napᴸ ‘SNOT’PL *s-napᴸ ‘MUCUS’ ‘liquid mucus’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.5.6

Angami (Kohima)(u) tsü³¹morpheme to³³morpheme ‘top of head / crown / pate’Nienu 90 AngQ: 2.2

Angami (Kohima)(u) tsü³⁵morpheme ‘head’Nienu 90 AngQ: 2.1

Angami (Kohima)u◦hu#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ ‘tooth’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)u◦mo#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokri(u) hu³¹#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ ‘tooth’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.10

Chokri(u) mo³¹#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 1.1

Chokri(u) nha³¹#805 PTB *s-nap ‘SNOT / NASAL MUCUS’PTani *nap ~ *nop ‘SNOT’PKC *hnap ‘SNOT / MUCUS (nasal)’PTk *nap ‘SNOT’PLB *ʔ-napᴸ ‘SNOT’PL *s-napᴸ ‘MUCUS’ kha³⁵morpheme ‘solid mucus’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.5.7

Chokri(u) nha¹¹#805 PTB *s-nap ‘SNOT / NASAL MUCUS’PTani *nap ~ *nop ‘SNOT’PKC *hnap ‘SNOT / MUCUS (nasal)’PTk *nap ‘SNOT’PLB *ʔ-napᴸ ‘SNOT’PL *s-napᴸ ‘MUCUS’ ‘liquid mucus’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.5.6

Chokri(u) phe³⁵#91 PTB *r-pay ‘SPLEEN’PLB *ʔ-p(r)ay¹ ‘SPLEEN’ ‘spleen’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 9.8

Chokriu◦hu#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ ‘tooth’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokriu◦mo#17 PTB *s-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’PTani *si-maŋ ‘DEAD BODY’PCN *a-maŋ ‘BODY / CORPSE’ ‘body’Marrison 67 Naga

3.1Tangut2

Tangut [Xixia]ʔụ ‘corpse / dead body’Dai 89 Xixi: 1.14

Tangut [Xixia]ʔụ ‘carcass / dead animal’Dai 89 Xixi: 1.15

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #18, *ʔu ‘BODY / CORPSE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/18

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-18,
  title  = {{*ʔu 'BODY / CORPSE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #18},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/18}
}