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STEDT #481

*s/m-key-k

NECK
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlekekprefixsinitialkrhymee-ksuffixkcoverK · VT

Connections

See alsoNECK-SHAPED

Notes

This etymon was formerly reconstructed as *s-ke-k ⪤ *m-ke-k.

In line with the frequently noted tendency of words meaning NECK / THROAT to have velar initials, we have reconstructed no fewer than eleven etyma with initial velars or velar clusters: #389 PTB *s/r-gwa-n NECK / NAPE, #481 PTB *s/m-key-k NECK, #486 PTB *l-kwak THROAT / NECK, #488 PTB *k-(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE, #489 PTB *k/s-raw(k/ŋ) ⪤ *k-rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT, #491 PTB *grey-k THROAT, #493 PTB *kak THROAT, #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK, #495 PTB *kwa THROAT / NECK, #3361 PTB *gwaŋ NECK / THROAT, and #5651 PTB *ku NECK / THROAT.

It is highly likely that some of these etyma are allofams of each other. It is equally likely that a given supporting form may have been assigned to the wrong etymon. However, on the basis of the available data, this may be the best that can be done at this point.

Reflexes & cognates65 reflexes · 6 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanke be v.‘neck-shaped’Benedict revised his original reconstruction *ke to *s-ke(k) on the basis of additional Jingpho data (see STC #251).Benedict 72 STC: 251
*Tibeto-Burmans-ke-k ‘neck / neck-shaped’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 595

1.7.3.1Jingpho2

Jingphoke; kéʔ be v.‘be / make neck-shaped’Benedict 72 STC: 251
Jingphokeʔ (high tone) ‘neck-shaped’Benedict 72 STC: 59n190

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang6

Chepangkayk ‘neck’Matisoff 87 BP
Chepangkəyk n.‘neck, stem’Caughley 00 Chepang

3.2Qiangic15

The vowels in these Qiangic forms show considerable variation.

Qiang (Mawo)tʃəprefix ka ‘neck’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 248.8
Qiang (Mawo)tʃəprefix◦ka ‘neck’Sun H 81 Qia
Qiang (Mawo)tʃəprefix◦kæ ‘neck’Sun H 91 MawQ: 4.1
Qiang (Mawo)tʃəprefix◦kə ‘neck’Sun J 86 Mawo
Qiang (Mianchi)qɛ̀ mòmorpheme ‘neck’Evans 99 Qiang: 115
Qiang (Mianchi)qɛ̀ mòmorpheme-sèmorpheme límorpheme ‘necklace [neck-thread]’Evans 99 Qiang: 663
Qiang (Taoping)ʂɿ³¹morphemekie³³ ‘neck’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 248.9
Qiang (Taoping)ʂʅ³¹morpheme kie³³ ‘neck’Sun H 81 Qia
Qiang (Yadu)tʂuprefix◦ki ‘neck’Dai 89 Qian: 115

3.3.1rGyalrong23

rGyalrongteprefix mgər ‘nape of neck’Dai 89 Jiar: 4.1.3
rGyalrongteprefix mki ‘neck’Dai 89 Jiar: 4.1
rGyalrongtəprefix mki ‘neck’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 248.12
Caodengtəprefix-mkɐ ‘neck’Sun J 97 Cao
rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mke ‘neck’Sun H 91 rNQ: 4.1
rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦mke ‘neck’Sun H 91 rNW: 4.1
rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦mke◦ʁumorpheme ‘nape of neck’Sun H 91 rNW: 4.1.3
rGyalrong (Eastern)təprefix◦mki ‘neck’Sun H 91 rEQ: 4.1
rGyalrong (Eastern)təprefix◦mki ɣumorpheme/təprefix◦mki ŋkʰumorpheme ‘nape of neck’Sun H 91 rEQ: 4.1.3
rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mkə◦qʰumorpheme ‘nape of neck’Sun H 91 rNQ: 4.1.3
rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦məmorpheme mke ʁornamorpheme ‘ankle’Sun H 91 rNW: 6.2.5
rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦məmorpheme mki ‘shin’Sun H 91 rNW: 6.2.3
rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦məmorpheme mki ɕɛr̥#234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘shin bone / tibia’Sun H 91 rNW: 6.2.3.1
rGyalrongtAprefix mgu ‘neck’Nagano 97 GyQ: 4.1
rGBenzhentəprefix-mkiʔ ‘neck’Sun J 97 rGB
Shilitə́prefix-mkʰe ‘neck’Sun J 97 Shi

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #481, *s/m-key-k ‘NECK’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/481
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#251; m- in Gyarong
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-481,
  title  = {{*s/m-key-k 'NECK'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #481},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/481}
}