STEDT
Animals and Animal Verbs  ›  Animals of the Chinese Zodiac  ›  Fowl (i.e. Domestic Birds)
STEDT #1604

*daw

BIRD
Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handledawinitialdrhymeaw/owcoverT · W

Intermediate reconstructions

Tangkhulic*ta ‘BIRD’DRM#714
Karenic*thoᴮ ‘BIRD’TL#22

Connections

HPTB*daw or *dow ‘bird’pp. 226, 227

Notes

STC p.192 expressed uncertainty about the rhyme of this etymon, saying it was either *-aw or *-ow. STC and HPTB p. 227 wrongly assumed that this root was confined to Bodo-Garo.

STC loc. cit. suggested an association with Proto-Kuki-Chin *m-tsow FLY (n.).

Chinese comparandum

鳥 OC *tiôg, GSR #1116a ‘bird’; Schuessler 2007:401 *tiûʔ; Mand. niǎo.
雕/鵰 OC *tiôg, GSR #1083t-u ‘eagle’; B & S 2011: *tˁiw; Mand. diāo.

The irregular initial n- in the Mandarin pronunciation niǎo for the word 鳥 BIRD (Karlgren called it “quite a riddle,” GSR #1116a) is usually attributed to pernicious homophony with a dental stop initial word meaning PENIS.

Reflexes & cognates163 reflexes · 14 subgroups

0Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)1

*Sino-Tibetantow~dow ‘bird’Chou 72: 1116a

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmandaw or dow ‘bird’Mortensen 12 Tk
*Tibeto-Burmandaw ormorpheme dow ‘bird’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 586

1.3.4Tangkhulic5

Champhungŋumorpheme-tʰe ‘bird’Brown 37 Indo
Tankghul (Central)omorpheme-ta ‘bird’Brown 37 Indo
Tangkhul (Northern)amorpheme-ta ‘bird’Brown 37 Indo
Tusomʔinmorpheme-ti ‘bird’Mortensen 12 Tk: Animals.120

1.7.1.1Bodo74

Bododagmorpheme◦dáw ‘bird (kind of, black)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw ‘bird’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw apamorpheme ‘bird (kind of, small crying)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw beŋgimorpheme ‘bird (kind of, black, living in thorny bamboo thic’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw diŋglamorpheme ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw dublámorpheme ‘bird (kind of, flying in groups)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw dugrumorpheme ‘bird (kind of, brown , living in bushes or thorny’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw gedebmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, aquatic)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw guldubmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, aquatic)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw gurkyamorpheme ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw hottémorpheme ‘bird (kind of, spotted, crying hotté hotté)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw hudumorpheme ‘bird (kind of big)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw kamzuŋmorpheme ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw kukámorpheme ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw kulúdmorpheme ‘woodpecker (kind of, small, green)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw kurkamorpheme ‘eagle (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw kutlúmorpheme ‘woodpecker (kind of, small green)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw məynaloanword ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw paglamorpheme ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw perensumorpheme ‘bird (kind of, considered to be the king of all bi’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw piləwmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, snake-eating)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw pisámorpheme ‘chicken’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw ranimorpheme ‘bird (kind of, yellow)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw renamorpheme ‘bird (kind of, small)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw sikimorpheme ‘bird (kind of, crying siki siki)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw sokamorpheme ‘sparrow (house)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw tippə́wmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, small, sitting by the side of water’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododáw topimorpheme ‘bird, kind of small singing’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦búmorpheme zoglámorpheme ‘crane (kind of, big)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦kámorpheme dondamorpheme ‘bird (kind of, big)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦kázanmorpheme ‘crow (kind of, large)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦kúkamorpheme ‘bird (kind of, small brown)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦mámorpheme ‘bird (big)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦mamorpheme ‘big bird’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦másarmorpheme ‘fowl (kind of, wild)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦raymorpheme ‘bird (kind of, talking)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦ráymorpheme məkrímorpheme ‘embroidery (kind of, like bird)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦ríŋgawmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, bad omen)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦sámorpheme ‘bird (small)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦síŋdawmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, singing)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦srímorpheme gubəymorpheme ‘sparrow (kind of, big, house)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦srimorpheme habraŋmorpheme ‘sparrow (kind of, big)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦tíbmorpheme ‘bird (kind of, very small)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bododaw◦zlámorpheme daw ‘cock’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoguldubmorpheme dáw ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodokanzúŋmorpheme dáw ‘bird (kind of, with a comb-like thing on its head)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodopilə́wmorpheme daw ‘bird (kind of)’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodozezlímorpheme dáw ‘bird (kind of, small, that weaves a small basket-l’Bhat 68 Boro
Dimasadao◦daimorpheme ‘peacock’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦jelamorpheme ‘cock’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦khamorpheme ‘crow (bird)’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦khumorpheme ‘owl’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦lingmorpheme ‘eagle’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦lingmorpheme-hakhrimorpheme ‘hawk’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦mamorpheme ‘hen’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦phlamdumorpheme ‘duck’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦phrimorpheme ‘pigeon’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦rakhalmorpheme ‘bat (animal)’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦thumorpheme ‘dove’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasadao◦yangmorpheme ‘hornbill’Marrison 67 Naga
Kokboroktauʔ ‘bird’Tripuri 88
Kokboroktauʔ-kʰoŋmorpheme ‘duck’Tripuri 88
Kokboroktauʔ-lamorpheme ‘cock’Tripuri 88

1.7.1.2Garo13

Garo (Bangladesh)do•-chimorpheme-dikmorpheme n‘bird coop; chicken coop’Burling 03 Garo: 5.852-II:idx
Garo (Bangladesh)do•-gringmorpheme n‘bird basket’Burling 03 Garo: 5.852-II:idx
Garo (Bangladesh)do•-jamorpheme-rakmorpheme n‘duck’Burling 03 Garo: 4.43-II:idx

1.7.1.3Koch17

Atongdaw•- n‘bird (bound form taw• 'chicken, bird')’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongdaw•blok n‘bulbul bird’morphemevan Breugel 08 Atong
Atongdaw•gep n‘duck’morphemevan Breugel 08 Atong
Atongdaw•◦gamdotmorpheme n‘eagle’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongdaw•◦phylgymmorpheme n‘type of big eagle’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongdaw•◦rengmorpheme n‘eagle’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw• n‘bird, chicken’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•gylyk n‘type of jungle bird’morphemevan Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•pynchyrep n‘type of small bird’morphemevan Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•reksyrup n‘banana bird (lit. 'banana tree sucking bird')’morphemevan Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦gurungmorpheme n‘nest’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦khasimorpheme n‘capon, castrated rooster/cock’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦kurungmorpheme n‘nest of a chicken’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦nokmorpheme n‘chicken cove, coop’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦palyngmorpheme n‘jungle fowl’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongtaw•◦thupmorpheme n‘nest’van Breugel 08 Atong

1.7.1.4Deori11

Deori/Deuribotamorpheme-dua ‘paddy-bird [As. baũtā "sower"]’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deuricĩyãmorpheme-nĩyãmorpheme dua ‘bird which picks fish (generic)’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deuridu-pisamorpheme ‘chicken, hen's chicks’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deuriduwa ‘bird [dua, duwa]’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deuripeŋloanword=du-rimorpheme ‘perched (bird) [As. peŋā] [peŋ=du-ri, peõ du-ri]’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deuritakoyloanword dua ‘keteki (As.) bird, cuckoo, Cuculus sp. [≠ durõ]’Jacquesson 05 Deuri

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish1

Yi (Liangshan)du̱³³ndi⁵⁵morpheme ‘fowl’Ma 08 Yi: index

7Karenic40

*Karentho-timorpheme ‘bird-water’Benedict 72 STC: 135n367
*Karenthoᴮ ‘bird’[Source note] The words meaning ‘bird’ in N.PO and S.PO are wa⁵³(B3) and wa⁵⁵(B3) respectively.Luangthongkum 13: 22
Bwetho³³ ‘bird’Luangthongkum 13: 22
Karentho³³bɔ̱⁵⁵ n‘bird’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0326.50
Karentho³³bɔ̱⁵⁵a³¹xi³¹ n‘nest (bird)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0327.50
Karentho³³da³³morpheme n‘goose’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0301.50
Karentho³³di̱³¹morpheme n‘duck’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0300.50
Kayahthu¹¹ ‘bird’Luangthongkum 13: 22
Kayanthau¹¹ ‘bird’Luangthongkum 13: 22
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤ N‘bird’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦kalòmorpheme N‘woodpecker [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦kʰénmorpheme N‘greater hornbill (Buceros bicornis) [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦kʰokabà̤imorpheme N‘stork [lit. bird-??]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦kʰṳ̀morpheme N‘parrot [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦kʰwánmorpheme N‘smaller hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris) [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦lwilə̄morpheme N‘pigeon [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦lwimə̄dó̤morpheme N‘imperial pigeon [lit. bird-??-big]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦nankwêmorpheme N‘wagtail [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦pâmorpheme N‘barn owl (eats insects) [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦prá̤morpheme N‘peacock [lit. bird-?] (<Mon?)’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦pʰòmorpheme N‘baby bird, small bird [lit. bird-DIM]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦rwèmorpheme N‘quail [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦ryāumorpheme N‘sparrow [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦sèmorpheme N‘pheasant [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦talètètyá̤umorpheme N‘kind of bird [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦tapyánmorpheme N‘hoopoe [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰó̤◦θapʰâmorpheme N‘black drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus) [lit. bird-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayawthu¹¹ ‘bird’Luangthongkum 13: 22

8Bai5

Bai (Jianchuan)tso̱³³tsɿ³³morphemekhua²¹morpheme n‘nest (bird)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0327.48
Bai (Jianchuan)tso⁴⁴tsi³³morpheme ‘bird’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 142.36
Bai (Jianchuan)tsʰu³¹ kʰo³³morpheme ‘gizzard / crop of bird’Zhao 90: 4.2.4

9.0.1Old Chinese2

9.0.3Modern Chinese1

Chinese (Mandarin)niǎo-zǔimorpheme ‘beak / bill’Sun J 85 ChGl: 52

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1604, *daw ‘BIRD’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1604
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC p.149, HPTB pp.226, 227
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1604,
  title  = {{*daw 'BIRD'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1604},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1604}
}