STEDT #2623
*s-b/m-ruːl
SNAKE
Reconstruction analysis
handleruːlprefixbinitialrrhymeuːlcoverL · L
Intermediate reconstructions
Lolo-Burmese*m-r-wəy¹ ‘SNAKE’
Connections
HPTB*s-b/m-ruːl ‘snake’pp. 43, 44, 80, 81, 83, 134, 151, 235, 385, 387, 388, 414, 417, 424, 426
HPTB (PLB)*m-r-wəy¹ ‘snake’p. 83
Notes
This root is easily confused with another etymon #2178 *bəw that has a range covering both INSECT/VERMIN and SNAKE.
Chinese comparandum
虺 OC *χi̯wər, GSR #572a ‘snake brood, snake’; Schuessler 2007:287 *hmuiʔ; B & S 2011: *r̥ujʔ {[r̥]u[j]ʔ} (dial. r̥- > x-); Mand. huǐ.
Reflexes & cognates296 reflexes · 38 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4
1.1“North Assam”2
1.1.1Tani1
1.1.1.1Western Tani6
1.1.2Deng7
1.2Kuki-Chin3
1.2.1.1Northern Chin7
1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin11
1.2.2Central Chin10
1.2.3Maraic3
1.3“Naga” Areal Group2
1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)17
1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group8
1.3.3Zeme Group3
1.3.4Tangkhulic13
1.5Mikir [Karbi]5
1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1
1.7.3.1Jingpho1
2.1.1Western Himalayish2
2.1.2Bodic11
2.1.2.1Tibetan27
Tibetan (Written)(sbrul pagsmorpheme) brdʑemorpheme v.‘slough off (of a snake)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1693.01
2.1.4Tamangish8
2.3.1Eastern Kiranti2
2.3.4Western Kiranti3
2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang18
Chepangsamorpheme.khənmorpheme.dəmorpheme.ru n.‘snake (sp.), a viper, large (about 2m. long), whitish stripes on black’Caughley 00 Chepang
Chepangtupumorpheme.limorpheme.ru n.‘worm (sp.), snake-shaped, reddish, fast moving (Blindworm snake?)’Caughley 00 Chepang
Chepangtəkmorpheme.ru n.‘snake (sp.), viper, olive green with red patch at back of neck’Caughley 00 Chepang
Chepangwaʔ#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’.cəwʔmorpheme.ru n.‘snake (sp.), grey, lies under a bird's perch to catch it’Caughley 00 Chepang
3.1Tangut1
3.2Qiangic30
Lyuzubɯ³³ɣɯʴ³⁵#6104 PTB *g-riŋ ‘LIZARD’PTk *deŋ ‘LIZARD’ (lu̵⁵³morpheme) n‘year of the snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0760.18
Pumi (Jiulong)bu¹¹ʐɛi⁵⁵#6104 PTB *g-riŋ ‘LIZARD’PTk *deŋ ‘LIZARD’ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.10
Pumi (Lanping)bɐ¹³◦ʐɑ#6104 PTB *g-riŋ ‘LIZARD’PTk *deŋ ‘LIZARD’ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.09
Qiang (Longxi)bù (tsè)morpheme ‘6th earthly branch (snake)’[Source note] calque (Evans 1999).Evans 99 Qiang: 1109
Qiang (Mianchi)bʐě ‘6th earthly branch (snake)’[Source note] calque (Evans 1999).Evans 99 Qiang: 1109
Queyu (Xinlong)pə⁵⁵rɛ⁵⁵#6104 PTB *g-riŋ ‘LIZARD’PTk *deŋ ‘LIZARD’ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.13
Queyu (Xinlong)pə⁵⁵rɛ⁵⁵#6104 PTB *g-riŋ ‘LIZARD’PTk *deŋ ‘LIZARD’ n‘year of the snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0760.13
3.3rGyalrongic4
3.3.1rGyalrong6
5Tujia8
Tujia (Northern)wo4si3#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ n.‘snake meat’Brassett 04 Tujia
Tujia (Northern)wo⁴si³#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ ‘snake meat’Brassett 06 Tujia: 4.4
6.1Lolo-Burmese1
6.1.1Burmish30
Langsu (Luxi)lɔ̃³¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mɔi³¹ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.31
Langsu (Luxi)lɔ̃³¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mɔi³¹ (tsəŋ³¹morpheme) n‘year of the snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0760.31
Leqi (Luxi)la̱ŋ³³#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mju³¹ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.33
Leqi (Luxi)la̱ŋ³³#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mju³¹ n‘year of the snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0760.33
Maru [Langsu]lɔ̱̃³¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mɔi³¹ ‘snake’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 152.43
Atsi [Zaiwa]la̱ŋ⁵¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mui⁵¹ n‘snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0347.30
Atsi [Zaiwa]la̱ŋ⁵¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mui⁵¹ ‘snake’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 152.42
Atsi [Zaiwa]la̱ŋ⁵¹#6112 PTB *g-lya(ŋ/k) ‘PYTHON’PLB *liŋ² ⪤ *likᴸ ‘PYTHON’PKar *g-laŋ ‘PYTHON’mui⁵¹ (tsan⁵¹morpheme) n‘year of the snake’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0760.30
6.1.2Loloish2
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2
6.1.2.2Central Loloish18
Lahu (Black)vɨ̀-šɛ̂ʔ#1454 PTB *syap ‘SCALE (OF FISH OR REPTILE)’ ‘scale of snake’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 376
Lisu (Northern)fu³³khɔʔ²¹#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’ ‘year of snake’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)fu³³khɔʔ²¹#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’su³³#5632 PTB *su ⪤ *s-lu ‘WHO / INDEF PRONOUN / REMOTE 3RD PERS.’ ‘one who was born in the year of snake’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)fu³³ni³³#85 PTB *s-nəy ‘SUN / DAY / DWELL’PTani *ñi ‘SUN’PKC *nii ‘DAY / SUN’PCN *nəj ‘SUN / DAY’PLB *ʔnəy¹/³ ‘SUN / DAY’PKar *nejᴬ ‘DAY’ ‘day of the snake’Bradley 94 Lisu
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish3
7Karenic33
Kayan (Pekon)rō◦rē#533 PTB *rey ⪤ *s-rwi(y) ‘OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL / CORD / STRING / CREEPER / CANE / RATTAN’PKC *ruy ⪤ *hruy ‘ROPE / CORD / STRING / RATTAN’PCN *a-(h)rəj ‘CANE, RATTAN’PTk *hroj ‘ROPE / STRING / THREAD NEEDLE’PKar *reᴮ ‘RATTAN’ N‘krait, banded cane snake [lit. snake-rattan]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)rō◦tʰà#6365 PTB *l-tsyak ‘IRON / IRON INSTRUMENT’PKar *thaɁᴰ ‘IRON’PKar *th(á/a)ʔ ‘IRON / NEEDLE’ N‘iron snake (small snake that is difficult to cut, not aggressive but if it bites you, you will die) [lit. snake-iron]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)rō◦tʰó̤#1604 PTB *daw ‘BIRD’PTk *ta ‘BIRD’PKar *thoᴮ ‘BIRD’ N‘long-nosed bird snake [lit. snake-bird]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)rō◦θyə́nmorpheme◦lé̤morpheme◦kamorpheme◦mē#1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’MesorootsPTani *me ~ *mjo ‘TAIL’PKC *C-may ‘TAIL’PLB *ʔ-m(r)ay² ‘TAIL’PL *ʔmri² ‘TAIL’Allofams1 #1288 PTB *r-may ⪤ *m-ray ‘TAIL / PENIS’1a #5545 PTB *r-mey ‘TAIL’ N‘red-tailed green pit viper [lit. snake-green-red-tail]’Manson 10 Kayan
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #2623,
*s-b/m-ruːl ‘SNAKE’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2623Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#447, HPTB p.385
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2623,
title = {{*s-b/m-ruːl 'SNAKE'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2623},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2623}
}