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The Body › Mouth and Throat › Tongue

STEDT #621

m/s-lay ⪤ s-ley

TONGUE

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlem/s-laprefixm/sinitiallrhymeaycoverL · W

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*lay ‘TONGUE’PKC #1058

Central Naga (Ao Group)*m-lej(ʔ) ‘TONGUE’PCN #058

Tangkhulic*lej ‘TONGUE’DRM#410

Karenic*bleᴬ ‘TONGUE’TL#307

Karenic*hlajᴮ ‘LICK (v.)’TL#164

Connections

Allofams

HPTB*m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘tongue’pp. 48, 102, 119, 124, 141, 208, 215, 217, 487, 511

Notes

Mikir and Khoirao have a dental stop instead of the lateral. Kham shows preemption by the *s- prefix.

Reflexes & cognates449 reflexes · 47 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)9

*Tibeto-Burman-lay ⪤ -ley ⪤ -lya#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

*Tibeto-Burman-ley ‘tongue’French 83: 569

*Tibeto-Burmang-lay v.‘lick’French 83: 511

*Tibeto-Burmanm-lay ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

*Tibeto-Burmanm-lay ⪤ s-lay ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

*Tibeto-Burmanm-lay~s-lay ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

*Tibeto-Burmanm/s-lay ⪤ s-ley ‘tongue’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 599

*Tibeto-Burmans-lay ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

*Tibeto-Burmans-lay ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

1NE Indian Areal Group1

Mijiʒeʔmorpheme◦ghi ‘tongue’Simon 79 Miji

1.1“North Assam”2

Sulung [Puroik]rye³³ ‘tongue’Sun H 93 SulQ

Sulung [Puroik]rye³³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.52

1.1.1.1Western Tani1

Miri, Hillaprefix◦rih ‘tongue’Simon 76 Miri

1.1.2Deng9

Kaman [Miju]blâi ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 171

Kaman [Miju]blɑi⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 80 MLD

Kaman [Miju]blɑi⁵³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.23

Kaman [Miju]blɑi⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.48

Idue⁵⁵prefixli⁵⁵na⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 IduQ: 3.8

Idue⁵⁵prefixli⁵⁵nɑ⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.50

Iduiprefix◦li◦namorpheme ‘tongue’Pulu 78

Iduiprefix◦li◦namorpheme ‘tongue’Anonymous 62 Idu

Yidue⁵⁵prefixli⁵⁵nɑ⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.25

1.2Kuki-Chin4

*Chinlay VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

*Kukimlei ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Analpali ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Thanphumlɑi¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

1.2.1.1Northern Chin11

Kuki-Chinlei ‘tongue’Haokip 98: 3.8

Sizanglē ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Thadoléi ‘tongue’Thirumalai 72: 55

Thadoléy ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Tiddim-lei n‘tongue’Henderson 65 TidC

Tiddim-lei ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tiddimlei ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Tiddimlei² ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Tiddimlei² ‘tongue’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 913

Tiddimlei¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Tiddimlei¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin16

Ashoaprefix◦mlé-bawmorpheme ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Asho (Sandoway)mleɪ¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Chinbonm̩leⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Cho (Mindat)m-lei ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Daaim̩leⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Awa Khumiăprefix◦mlɛ² ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Khumiplaáy ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Khumipᵊlaⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Khumi (Ahraing)pə̆lɑɛ⁴ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Matun̩laⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Matupilɑi⁴ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Mkaangleⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Ngmüünm̩leⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Nyhmoyem̩leⁱ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Wakungməlɛ ‘tongue’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 79

Womatumˉleɪ⁴ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

1.2.2Central Chin14

Khualsimlei³ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Lai (Hakha)lây ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Lai (Falam)lǎy ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Lai (Hakha)lei⁵ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Lai (Hakha)lei⁵ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Lushai [Mizo]léi ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Lushai [Mizo]léi n‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 913

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Lushai [Mizo]lei ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Lushai [Mizo]lei¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

1.2.3Maraic8

Lailenpiməˊprefixpə̆le⁴ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Lailenpiməˊprefix◦pə̆leɪ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Lakher [Mara]pā-lèi ‘tongue’VanBik 09 PKC: 1058

Lakher [Mara]palei ‘tongue / flame’Matisoff 87 BP

Lothvo (Hiranpi)pə̆ˋli¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Merapə̆lɪ⁶ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Tha'oalɑi¹ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

Xongsailei³ ‘tongue’Luce 85: N.19

1.2.4“Old Kuki”3

Kom Remməlei ‘tongue’Toba 91 KRQ: 3.8

Moyonbrí ~ bʌrí ‘tongue’Kosha 90: 3.8

Sorbungməlée ‘tongue’Mortensen 11 Sorbung: BodyParts.094

1.3“Naga” Areal Group1

Maringmalai ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)22

*Central Nagam-lej(ʔ) Bruhn 14 PCN: III.058

*Aotprefix-m-li Bruhn 14 PCN: II.351

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦meli ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦meli ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 118n327

Ao (Chungli)tə²prefix-mə²li² n.‘tongue’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.351

Ao (Chungli)tə²prefix-mə²li² ta³prefixtsək³morpheme adj.‘mute’Bruhn 14 SuppCN

Ao (Chungli)²tɯprefix²mɯ²li ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 21

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)tüprefix◦mili ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)tuprefix◦mili-teprefix◦chak#7795 PCN *tʃak ‘BREAK’ ‘dumb’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-məli n.‘tongue’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-məli təprefix-tʃak#7795 PCN *tʃak ‘BREAK’ ‘mute ('tongue' + NZP + 'break')’Coupe 07 Ao

Lotha Nagan̩¹-liʔ¹ n.‘tongue’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.058

Lotha Nagan̯ī ‘tongue’Acharya 75

Lotha Naganli ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga: 784

Lotha NagaNLi ‘tongue’Nienu 90 LotQ: 3.8

Lotha Naganli / nni ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 118n327

Lotha Naganni ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtammüle ‘tongue’Kumar 73 Sang

Sangtammüle◦ja#7795 PCN *tʃak ‘BREAK’ ‘dumb’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtammüli ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Yacham-Tengsatüprefix◦mili ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrümulo ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group19

Angami (Khonoma)melü ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix me⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.8

Angami (Kohima)uprefix◦meü ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokri(u)prefix mhü³¹yi³³ ‘tongue’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.8

Chokriuprefix◦meyi ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokri²me|³yi ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Khezhameli ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Khezhameži ‘tongue’Yabu 94 Khö: 3.8

Maomali ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Meluriaprefix◦mezi ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Ntenyiaprefix◦meli ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Rengmanprefix◦nyi ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦hu#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’-mili ‘gums’Achumi 98: 3.7.3

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mi#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’-mili ‘flame’Achumi 98: 4.11

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mili ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mili ‘tongue’Achumi 98: 3.8

Sema [Sumi]mile◦sü#6004 PTB *si ‘RAINBOW’ ‘rainbow’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]mili◦sü#6004 PTB *si ‘RAINBOW’ ‘rainbow’Achumi 98: 2.5

Sema [Sumi]əprefix◦mili ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 118n327

1.3.4Tangkhulic8

*Tangkhuliclej ‘tongue’Mortensen 12 Tk: 410

Huishuʔamorpheme-məmorpheme-lu ‘tongue’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.071

Kachaiməmorpheme-li ‘tongue’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.079

Tangkhulmaprefix◦le ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Tangkhulmaprefix◦le ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tangkhulré ‘tongue’Bhat 69 TNV: 99

Tusomʔimorpheme-məmorpheme-li ‘tongue’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.088

Ukhrulməmorpheme-lej ‘tongue’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.4Meithei3

Meitheilei ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Meitheilei ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Meitheiləy ‘tongue’Singh 91 MeiQ: 3.8

1.5Mikir [Karbi]6

Mikir [Karbi]de ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Mikir [Karbi]de ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Mikir [Karbi]de ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Mikir [Karbi]dè ‘tongue’Grüssner 79 BP: 104

Mikir [Karbi]de ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Mikir [Karbi]de ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

1.6Mru1

Mrudá̀i ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

1.7.1Bodo-Garo1

*Bodo-Garo( )-lai ‘tongue’Burling 59 PBo: 444

1.7.1.1Bodo10

Bodosaláy ‘tongue’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodosalei ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Dimasasalai ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Dimasasalai ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Dimasasalai ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Dimasasalai ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Dimasawai#2152 PTB *bʷar ⪤ *pʷar ‘BURN / FIRE / KINDLE / ROAST’MesorootsPTani *par ‘IGNITE’PKC *ʔur ‘BURN / SCORCH’Allofams2 #6713 PTB *(p/b/h)(w/y)a(ː)(r/l/n/t) ‘FIRE / BURN / SHINE / BRIGHT / LIGHT / WHITE’2a #2152 PTB *bʷar ⪤ *pʷar ‘BURN / FIRE / KINDLE / ROAST’2b #5683 PTB *hwa(ː)r ⪤ *yar ‘WHITE / YELLOW / BRIGHT / SHINE’2c #4513 PTB *hur ⪤ *hwar ⪤ *⪤ *hir ⪤ *hyar ‘SWEAT’2d #694 PTB *hul ⪤ *hwa(ː)l ‘HEAT UP / BURN’2e #5395 PTB *hwa(l/r) ‘FIRE / SHINE’2f #3609 PTB *hwam ‘BURN / SHINE’2g #5518 PTB *hwaŋ ‘SHINE / BRIGHT / YELLOW’2h #2271 PTB *hwa(n/t) ‘SHINE / LIGHT’2i #165 PTB *b/s-wa ‘WHITE / YELLOW / BRIGHT’-slai ‘flame’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Kokborokšlay ‘tongue’Tripuri 88

Lalung [Tiwa]plai plai chemorpheme◦la#629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’MesorootsPKC *liak-I, liaʔ-II ‘LICK / LAP’PCN *m-ljak ‘LICK’PTk *lek ‘LICK’PLB *m-lyak ⪤ *ʔ-lyak ‘LICK’PL *m-lyakᴸ ‘LICK’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’◦naʔmorpheme ‘lick’Balawan 65

Lalung [Tiwa]shili ‘tongue’Balawan 65: 64

1.7.1.2Garo7

Garosre ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 21

Garosre ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Garosre ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Garosre ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Garosre ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Garowal#2152 PTB *bʷar ⪤ *pʷar ‘BURN / FIRE / KINDLE / ROAST’MesorootsPTani *par ‘IGNITE’PKC *ʔur ‘BURN / SCORCH’Allofams2 #6713 PTB *(p/b/h)(w/y)a(ː)(r/l/n/t) ‘FIRE / BURN / SHINE / BRIGHT / LIGHT / WHITE’2a #2152 PTB *bʷar ⪤ *pʷar ‘BURN / FIRE / KINDLE / ROAST’2b #5683 PTB *hwa(ː)r ⪤ *yar ‘WHITE / YELLOW / BRIGHT / SHINE’2c #4513 PTB *hur ⪤ *hwar ⪤ *⪤ *hir ⪤ *hyar ‘SWEAT’2d #694 PTB *hul ⪤ *hwa(ː)l ‘HEAT UP / BURN’2e #5395 PTB *hwa(l/r) ‘FIRE / SHINE’2f #3609 PTB *hwam ‘BURN / SHINE’2g #5518 PTB *hwaŋ ‘SHINE / BRIGHT / YELLOW’2h #2271 PTB *hwa(n/t) ‘SHINE / LIGHT’2i #165 PTB *b/s-wa ‘WHITE / YELLOW / BRIGHT’-sre ‘flame’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Garo (Bangladesh)si-ri ‘tongue’Burling 92 GaBa

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian3

*Northern NagaC̥-glay v.‘lick’French 83: 511

*Northern NagaC-ley ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

*Northern NagaC̥-ley ‘tongue’French 83: 569

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte9

Noctethali ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Noctetʰa|li ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Nocte¹thʌ¹li ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

Tangsa³li ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 21

Tangsa (Moshang)la#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’-li ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Tangsa (Moshang)lali ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Tangsa (Yogli)li ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Tangsa (Yogli)li ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Tangsa (Yogli)li ‘tongue’French 83: 569

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang17

Changli šaŋmorpheme ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Changlìˇ-šʌ̀ŋmorpheme ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

Changli◦shangmorpheme ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyakyi ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyakyi ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Konyakyi ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Konyak (Tamlu)dʌprefix◦le ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Konyak (Wakching)yi ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Phomlai ‘lick’French 83: 511

Phomyei ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Phomyei ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Phomyei ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Phomyʌy⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Burling 98 Phom

Wanchole ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Wanchole ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Wanchole ‘tongue’French 83: 569

Wanchotelai ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

1.7.3.1Jingpho7

Jingpholai ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Jingpholài ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Jingpholai ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Jingpholai ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Jingphoshingprefix◦li ‘tongue (poet.)’Matisoff 87 BP

Jingphośiŋprefix◦li ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Jingphośiŋprefix◦li/śiŋprefix◦lau#628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’MesorootsPCC *hliaw ‘LICK (flame) / ENVELOP ( flame)’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 64n202

1.7.3.2Asakian7

Gananʃĭli² ‘tongue’Luce 85: L.135

Kadu (Kantu)săli² [sʻɑ̀diˋ] ‘tongue’Luce 85: L.135

Kadusʻədì ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Sakaprefix◦səlíʔ ‘tongue’Huziwara 08 Sak: 12

Sak (Bawtala)ăprefix◦sʻăle² ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Sak (Dodem)ăprefix◦sʻăleʔ ‘tongue’Luce 85: L.135

Sak (Bawtala)ăprefix◦sʻăleʔ² ‘tongue’Luce 85: L.135

2.1.1Western Himalayish9

Baramcemorpheme◦le ‘tongue’Kansakar 10 Baram: 10

Bunanlè ‘tongue’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 3.8

Kanaurilē n‘tongue’Bailey 11

Kanaurilē ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Kanaurile ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Kanaurile ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Kanaurileː ‘tongue’Sharma, D.D. 88 Kn: 13,19,28

Pattani [Manchati]lhe ‘tongue’Sharma, S.R. 91 Ma: 3.8

Pattani [Manchati]lʰe ‘tongue’Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

2.1.2Bodic16

Bumthangʔli ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Kaikelai ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Kaikelai ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Monpale ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Tsangla (Central)le ‘tongue’Andvik 93: 10

Tsangla (Central)le ‘tongue’Egli-Roduner: 32 12

Tsangla (Motuo)le ‘tongue’Sun H 80 MLD

Tsangla (Motuo)le ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.7

Tsangla (Motuo)le¹³ ‘tongue’Zhang Jichuan 86

Tsangla (Tilang)le ‘tongue’Zhang Jichuan 86

Tshona (Wenlang)le⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Lu 86 CuoM

Tshona (Mama)le⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 80 MLD

Tshona (Mama)le⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.6

Motuo Menbale nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.07

Tashigangle ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Cuona Menbale⁵³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan28

Bhotetšēmorpheme◦le ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Dzongkhatše ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Tibetan (Alike)rtɕi nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.05

Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)htɕe ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.4

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)rtɕi ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.5

Tibetan (Batang)tɕɛ⁵⁵lə⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Dai 89 Bata: 3.8

Tibetan (Central)tšē◦mosuffix ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Tibetan (Jirel)cye|lāq ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Khams:Dege)tɕe⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.3

Tibetan (Lhasa)tɕe⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.2

Spitice ‘tongue’Bodh 91: 3.8

Tibetan (Spiti)ce ‘tongue’Sharma, S.R. 79 Sp

Tibetan (Written)lce ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Tibetan (Written)lce ‘tongue’Marrison 67 Naga

Tibetan (Written)lce ‘tongue’Luce 85: W.11

Tibetan (Written)lc̀e ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)lc̀e-c̀ʻuŋmorpheme ‘uvula ("tongue-small")’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)lc̀e-kʻyigsmorpheme ‘frenum of tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)lc̀e-rtsamorpheme ‘tongue root’Jäschke 1881: p. 150

Tibetan (Written)lc̀e-rtse#2014 PTB *r-tsey ‘SUMMIT / CREST / COCKSCOMB’PLB *N-tsey³ ‘SUMMIT / CREST / COCK'S COMB’PLB *ʔN-tsey¹ ‘SUMMIT / CREST / COCK'S COMB’ n‘tongue tip’Jäschke 1881: p. 150

Tibetan (Written)ltśe ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Tibetan (Written)ltśe ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Tibetan (Written)ltśe ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 33n104

Tibetan (Written)ltɕe nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.01

Tibetan (Written)ltɕe ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.1

Tibetan (Written)ltʃe ‘tongue’Zhang Liansheng 88: 25

Tibetan (Written)me#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’-ltśe ‘flame’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Tibetan (Xiahe)htɕe nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.04

2.1.3Lepcha4

Lepchaaprefix-li ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Lepchaaprefix◦li ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Lepchaăprefix◦li ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Lepchalin-śet#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

2.1.4Tamangish26

*TGTMᴮʰle(ː) ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Chantyalkheprefix◦le ‘tongue’Noonan 92: 3.8

Gurung (Ghachok)leq ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Gurung (Ghachok)leq ‘tongue’Glover 72 GuVo: 1.44

Gurung (Ghachok)²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Gurung²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 903

Manang (Gyaru)lᴇ¹ ‘tongue’Nagano 84 Man: 012

Manang (Prakaa)²lie ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 903

Manang (Prakaa)¹liʔ◦emorpheme ‘tongue’Hoshi 84: 0011

Tamang (Bagmati)'le ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 822

Tamang (Risiangku)²leː ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Tamang (Risiangku)²leː n‘tongue’Mazaudon 91 TamQ: 3.8

Tamang (Risiangku)²leː ‘tongue (organ)’Mazaudon 94 These: 904

Tamang (Sahu)'le ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Tamang (Sahu)'le ‘tongue’Taylor 72 TmVo: 1.44

Tamang (Sahu)²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Tamang (Sahu)²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 903

Tamang (Taglung)le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 904

Tamang (Taglung)²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Thakali (Marpha)²le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Thakali (Marpha)⁵⁴⁵le ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 904

Thakali (Syang)ᴴhl(j)e ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Thakali (Tukche)le ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Thakali (Tukche)le ‘tongue’Hari 71a ThVo: 1.44

Thakali (Tukche)ᴴle ‘tongue’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 35

Thakali (Tukche)ᴴle ‘tongue’Mazaudon 94 These: 904

2.2Newar7

Newarme ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Newar (Dolakhali)me ‘tongue’Genetti 90 Dola

Newar (Kathmandu)me ‘tongue’Genetti 90 Kath

Newarme ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Newarmec- ‘tongue’Oblique form.Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Newarmec- ‘tongue’Preemption by *m-: *m-lay > me.Matisoff 87 BP

Newarmye ‘tongue’Shakya 89: 3.8

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti8

Limbu-l'◦soːt#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Limbule-sot#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Limbule-sot#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Limbule◦sop#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’◦pā̱suffix ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

LimbulE◦sot#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue, barb (of a hook)’Michailovsky 89 Lm

Limbulɛ◦soʔ#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

Limbulɛ◦soːt#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Limbulɛ◦ssoː#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’◦pasuffix ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 109

2.3.4Western Kiranti4

Hayuli ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Hayuli ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Sunwarleː ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Sunwarleː ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang12

Chepangle ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 21

Chepangle ‘tongue’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 186

Chepangle ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Chepangle n.‘tongue’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangle ‘tongue’Caughley 72 CVoc: 1.44

Chepangle phumorpheme.riʔmorpheme n.‘ulcers of tongue’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangle.phumorpheme.rimorpheme n.‘sores, ulcers, swelling of tongue - after eating remains of another's meal (esp. child)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangle.phumorpheme.rimorpheme daŋmorpheme- va.‘have sores, etc. of tongue’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangle.ʔimorpheme prəyhmorpheme- vi.‘give tongue, speak’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepang (Eastern)le ‘tongue’Caughley 90 CheQ: 3.8

Khamseː ‘tongue’Watters 89 KhQ: 1.44

Khamseː ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

3.1Tangut6

Tangut [Xixia]-- ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.13

Tangut [Xixia]lhjwa ‘tongue’Li 97 Tangut: 3190

Tangut [Xixia]lhwa ‘tongue’Dai 89 Xixi: 3.8

Tangut [Xixia]lhwa¹ ‘tongue’Sofronov 97

Tangut [Xixia]lʷɑ ‘tongue’Nishida 64 Tan: 183

Tangut [Xixia]lʷɑ ‘tongue’Nishida 64 Tan: 49-102

3.2Qiangic43

Ersuhtsɿ³³ psɿ⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ErsQ

Ersuhtsɿ³³psɿ⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.18

Guiqiongdʐə³⁵ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.16

Guiqiongdʐə³⁵tsi³³morpheme n‘uvula’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0140.16

Guiqiongdʐɿ³⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 GuiQ

Guiqiongdʐɿ³⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.17

Guiqiongdʐɿ³⁵ nɛ⁵³morpheme ‘uvula’Sun H 91 GuiQ

Muyarɐ²⁴ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.15

Muyarɐ²⁴ qə̱⁵⁵morphemetø̱⁵³morpheme n‘stutterer’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0210.15

Muyarɐ³³tɕue⁵³morpheme n‘uvula’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0140.15

Muya [Minyak]rɐ³⁵tɕe⁵³morpheme ‘uvula’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.7.4

Muya [Minyak]ʐɐ³⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.8

Muya [Minyak]ʐɐ³⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.15

Namuyiji³³morphemeɬɛ⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 NamQ: 3.8

Namuyiji³³morphemeɬɛ⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.19

Namuyiji³³morphemeɬæ⁵³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.46

Namuyiji³³morphemeɬæ⁵⁵zɿ⁵⁵morpheme n‘uvula’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0140.46

Pumi (Jiulong)ɬə⁵⁵ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.10

Pumi (Jiulong)ɬə⁵⁵tsy⁵⁵morpheme n‘uvula’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0140.10

Pumi (Lanping)ɬei⁵⁵pha⁵⁵morphememi¹³morpheme n‘stutterer’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0210.09

Pumi (Lanping)ɬie⁵⁵qho⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.09

Pumi (Lanping)ɬɛ¹³bʐã¹³morpheme n‘uvula’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0140.09

Pumi (Qinghua)ɬie⁵⁵ qʰo⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Qinghua)ɬie⁵⁵qho⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.11

Pumi (Qinghua)ɬɛ⁵⁵ bʐã¹³morpheme ‘uvula’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Taoba)ɬiɛ⁵³ ‘tongue’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Taoba)ɬiɛ⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.10

Qiang (Longxi)zə̀ qə̀morpheme ‘tongue’Evans 99 Qiang: 172

Qiang (Longxi)zə̀ qə̀morpheme tɕýmorpheme ‘uvula’Evans 99 Qiang: 173

Qiang (Longxi)zə̀ qə̀morpheme-tsámorpheme ‘uvula [tongue-small]’Evans 99 Qiang: 173

Qiang (Mawo)zə◦qmorpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Mawo)zə◦qmorpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.8

Qiang (Mawo)zə◦qə̥morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 MawQ: 3.8

Qiang (Mawo)zə◦χmorpheme nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.08

Qiang (Mianchi)zɨ̀ qémorpheme ‘tongue’Evans 99 Qiang: 172

Qiang (Mianchi)zɨ̀ qémorpheme-tsúmorpheme ‘uvula [tongue-small]’Evans 99 Qiang: 173

Qiang (Taoping)zɿ³¹ qə⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Taoping)zɿ³¹qə⁵⁵morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.9

Qiang (Yadu)zə◦qmorpheme ‘tongue’Dai 89 Qian: 172

Queyu (Xinlong)ɬli⁵⁵ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.13

Xumiʂɿ⁵³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.17

Xumiʂɿ⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ShiQ

Xumiʂɿ⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.20

3.3rGyalrongic5

Ergong (Daofu)fʑa ‘tongue’Dai 89 Daof: 3.8

Ergong (Northern)vdɛ⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 3.8

Daofuvɮɛ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.12

Ergong (Danba)vʑɛ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ErDQ: 3.8

Ergong (Danba)vʑɛ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.14

4Nungic16

Anongla ⪤ le ‘tongue / lick’Benedict 72 STC: 211

Anongphəle ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Anongphəlɛ ‘tongue’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 056

Anongphəlɛ ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Rawangphəlɛ³¹ ‘tongue’LaPolla 03: 156

Nungphɯ³¹lɛ³¹ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.21

Anongphɯ³¹lɛ³¹ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.44

Anongpʰɯ³¹lɛ³¹ ‘tongue’Sun J 88 Ano

Anongthəmi#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’-səle ‘flame’Benedict 72 STC: 281

Trung [Dulong]ple⁴² ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Dulongpɯ³¹lɑi⁵³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.20

Trung [Dulong]pɯ³¹lɑ̆i⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.46

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)pɯ³¹lai⁵³ ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)pɯ³¹lɑ̆i⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)pɯ³¹lai⁵³ ‘tongue’LaPolla 87: 135

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)pɯ³¹lɑ̆i⁵³ ‘tongue’Sun H 82 Dul

5Tujia4

Tujiadzi²¹ la²¹#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.8

Tujia (Southern)dzi²¹ la²¹#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Tian 86

Tujia (Northern)ji³⁵ la⁵⁵#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Tian 86

Tujiaʑi³⁵ la⁵⁵#623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’MesorootsPTani *rjo ‘TONGUE’Allofams1a #621 PTB *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’1b #623 PTB *s/m-l(y)a-t ‘TONGUE’1c #625 PTB *s-lyam ‘TONGUE / LICK / FLAME’1d #628 PTB *s-lyaːw ‘LICK / TONGUE’1e #629 PTB *m/s/g-lyak ‘LICK / TONGUE’ ‘tongue’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.8

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2

Gazhuola³⁵ ‘uvula’Dai 89 Gazh: 3.7.4

Yi (Xide)ha³³ ne³³morpheme ‘tongue’Chen 85 YiJZ

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Sani [Nyi]ɬɒ³³tʂhi³³morpheme ‘tongue root’Wu 84

6.2Naxi11

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɕi˩ ʈʰæ˥morpheme ‘stammerer, stutterer’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 759

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɕi˩mie˩morpheme ‘tongue’[Source note] the first syllable means “the roots of the teeth,” 牙根Michaud 06 NaLaze: 291

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɕi˩ʐæ˥morpheme ‘uvula, tendon of the tongue’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 293

Na (Yongning)hi˩mi˩morpheme ‘tongue’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)hi˩ʐæ˧˩morpheme ‘tendon of the tongue’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)ɕi˩ʈʰæ˧˥morpheme ‘stammerer, stutterer’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Naxi (Eastern)ɕi³¹mi¹³morpheme ‘tongue’He 85

Naxi (Yongning)ɕi³¹mi¹³morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.29

Naxi (Western)ɕi⁵⁵ ‘tongue’He 85

Naxiɕi⁵⁵ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.45

Naxi (Lijiang)ɕi⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.28

7Karenic63

*Karenble ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

*Karenble ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 139n375

*Karenbleᴬ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

*Karenhlajᴮ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

*Karen [Burling]lɛŋ² v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

*Karen (Pwo)phlè' ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

*Karen [Burling]phle³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

*Karen (TP)phrè' ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

*Karenphrè' ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

*Karen (Sgaw)ple ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

*Karen (Pwo-Sgaw)plè' ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Bwe-bli¹¹ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Bwe-blɪ̀ n‘tongue’Henderson 97 Kar

Bweblɪ̀ ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Bwe (Western)blɪ³ ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Bwe (Western)blɪ³ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Bwelɪ³³ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Gebabli² ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Karenble³³ nbp‘tongue’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0139.50

Kayahpli¹¹ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Kayanlai¹¹ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Kayanplai³³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Kayan (Pekon)plè̤ N‘tongue’Manson 10 Kayan

Kayawli¹¹ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Kayawpli³³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Pa-O (Southern)lai³³ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Pa-Olɛ̄mmorpheme phrē ‘stick out tongue’Solnit 89 PaO

Pa-O (Northern)phle³³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Pa-Ophre ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Pa-Ophrē ‘tongue’Solnit 89 PaO

Pa-Ophre ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Pa-Ophre ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Pa-Ophre ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 149n409

Pa-Ophrē thjáʔmorpheme ‘root of tongue’Solnit 89 PaO

Pa-O (Southern)ple⁵³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Pa-O (Northern)pʻre⁵ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Pakuble² ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Palaychiphlé ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Palaychiplé ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Palaychiple ‘tongue’Benedict 72 STC: 149n409

Pwo (Northern)pli⁵⁵ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Pwo (Southern)lai⁵⁵ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Pwo (Southern)phli³¹¨ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Pwo (Delta)pʻle² ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Pwo (Tenasserim)pʻle⁵ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Pwo (Bassein)phlé ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Pwo (Bassein)phlè́ ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Pwo (Bassein)phlé ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Pwo (Moulmein)phle ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Pwo (Moulmein)phle ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Pwo (Moulmein)phle ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Sgaw (Northern)le³¹˜ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Sgaw (Southern)li⁴⁵’ v.‘lick’Luangthongkum 13: 164

Sgawple³ ‘tongue’Luce 85: F.9

Sgaw (Northern)ple³³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Sgaw (Southern)ple³³ ‘tongue’Luangthongkum 13: 307

Sgaw³ple ‘tongue’Weidert 87 TBTo: 877

Sgaw (Bassein)ple ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Sgaw (Bassein)ple ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)ble³³ ‘tongue’Dai 89 KarB: 172

Sgaw (Moulmein)ple ‘tongue’Matisoff 87 BP

Sgaw (Moulmein)ple ‘tongue’Jones 61: 111

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)ple³³ ‘tongue’Dai 89 KarA: 172

8Bai7

Bai (Bijiang)ʈe̱ʴ⁴² ‘tongue’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Bijiang)ʈeʴ⁴² ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.37

Bai (Dali)tse̱⁴² ‘tongue’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Dali)tse⁴²phi³¹morpheme ‘tongue’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 245.35

Bai (Dali)tɕɛ⁸ pʰi³morpheme ‘tongue’Dell 81: pp.150-169

Bai (Jianchuan)tse̱⁴² ‘tongue’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Jianchuan)tse̱⁴² pʰĩ³¹morpheme ‘tongue’Zhao 90: 3.8

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #621, *m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley ‘TONGUE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/621

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC#281

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-621,
  title  = {{*m/s-lay ⪤ *s-ley 'TONGUE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #621},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/621}
}